In order to achieve the deep decarbonization of the power system, the large-scale utilization of renewable energy is the fundamental path. In this process, new energy storage technologies represented by electrochemical energy storage have become an important support for the continuous increase in the proportion of renewable energy installed. . The global installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage in 2022 is expected to be about 65Gwh, and it will reach 1,160GWh by 2030, of which 70% is the demand from the power generation side, which is the main source of power to support the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage.

At this stage, the global power generation structure is still dominated by fossil energy, but in the future, with the advancement of net-zero carbon emission targets in various countries around the world, the proportion of renewable energy in the power system will further increase. With the large-scale access of new energy generation and electricity consumption, in order to overcome the intermittency and volatility of wind power, the entire power system will undergo a transition from "power source, grid, load" to "power source, grid, load, energy storage" , energy storage will become the fourth basic element of the new power system, and the new energy storage technology will become a new driving force for the decarbonization of the power system.

It is worth noting that the application scenarios of energy storage involve various power scenarios such as the power supply side, the grid side, the user side and the distributed microgrid. The diversity of application scenarios determines the diversification of energy storage technologies. Among them, electrochemical energy storage technologies represented by lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, flow batteries, etc. have achieved rapid development at home and abroad in recent years, and their application scale has moved from megawatt-level demonstration applications to gigawatt-level applications. Scale application.

Specifically, benefiting from the rapid development of power batteries, the lithium-ion battery industry chain has entered a mature stage of commercialization, and its application in the field of energy storage also occupies the mainstream of the electrochemical energy storage market, with a market share of more than 90%, but in recent years Due to the constraints of lithium resources, the cost of using lithium-ion batteries has risen significantly; in terms of sodium-ion batteries, although the industrial layout is still in its infancy, compared with high-priced lithium resources, the advantages of abundant raw material resources for sodium-ion batteries will be used in large-scale applications. It is gradually emerging that it is expected to be complementary to lithium-ion batteries in the future; for flow batteries, since they can better meet the long-term energy storage needs of the power system, there will also be development opportunities in the application scenarios of large-capacity and long-term energy storage in the future, such as The raw materials of all-vanadium redox flow battery and zinc-bromine redox flow battery are readily available and easy to recycle, and have entered the stage of demonstration application.Editor/XingWentao