In the vast ocean, the country's first submarine data cabin was unveiled in Zhuhai Gaolan Port, and the world's first 100,000-ton deep-water semi-submersible production and storage platform "Shenhai No. 1" energy station was delivered and set sail;

In the land of Shenzhou, the Fuxing high-cold EMU, which can withstand the extreme cold of -40°C, appeared galloping, and the world's first high-temperature superconducting high-speed maglev engineering prototype and test line were officially launched;

In the vast space, China's manned spaceflight project has been fully transferred to the mission preparation stage of space station construction. The "Tianwen-1" probe has moved 400 million kilometers toward Mars in pursuit of dreams...

At the beginning of the new year, great news of super engineering and core technology came.

The first in the world! First flight in China! First in the sea! These hard-won achievements mark the new journey of the country's heaviest weapon in the new year. Let's take a look at the exciting new breakthroughs of the New Year with this newspaper.

"Alpine Version" Fuxing

"Alpine Version" Fuxing is here! On the morning of January 22, the Beijing-Harbin high-speed rail line went through. The new CR400AF-G high-cold EMU with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour independently developed by CRRC Sifang Co., Ltd. departed from Beijing Chaoyang Station on time and headed for Harbin at high speed.

This is the first commercial operation of the new "Gaohan Edition" Fuxing. It has special skills to withstand high cold, ice and snow, and can run at a high speed of 350 kilometers per hour in a low temperature environment of -40°C. It can be called the "most freezing resistant" EMU.

In this regard, many people feel deeply: "In cold weather, even mobile phones are not working well, the response is slow and the power is turned off" "-40 degrees Celsius below zero, some metal materials may even be brittle"-imaginable Knowing how difficult it is for the "Alpine Version" of Fuxing to gallop in Northland.

Practicing "cold resistance skills" requires many hurdles. In the view of Jia Xiangjie, the chief designer of CRRC Sifang, the "fighting ability" of the Gaohan version of the Fuxing EMU has been armed to "every nerve".

Jia Xiangjie introduced that, from the materials and electrical components used in the train to the car body, bogie, air supply brake and other key system components, all have been designed to withstand low temperature, and from the sealing and anti-snow, anti-freezing, water system anti-freezing, condensation prevention and so on. The optimization is carried out so that the EMU can withstand the test of extremely harsh operating conditions such as minus 40°C and ice and snow.

For example, under low temperature conditions, some common types of electrical components may slow down. In the high-cold version of the Fuxing EMU, the switches and relays in the car are all low-temperature models that adapt to -40°C, and the movements can be retracted and released freely even in cold weather.

For another example, train water tanks, dirt tanks, and water pipes are more susceptible to freezing and freezing. In order to prevent frostbite, put them on a thick "cotton" and add a "warm baby"-"Water pipes and water tanks have heating devices, such as electric heating wires wrapped around the water pipes. In addition to the electric heating device, in the box The outside and the outside of the pipeline are also covered with cold-proof materials, which can meet the application environment of -40°C."

Do you need to do "warm-up exercises" before and after running? Jia Xiangjie explained: "After the ice-snow line runs, some running parts under the car may have more snow. The braking devices under the running part of the car will become hot when they are working. When the car stops, there may be icing. So after the ice and snow lines of the Harbin Bureau and the Shenyang Bureau run, they will first go to the warm storage, where they will melt ice and snow."

It is understood that, in addition, the new "Alpine Version" Fuxing has also adopted a large number of optimized designs. Nowadays, the EMU has been in operation, and tourists can take the "Fuxing" all the way to the north and experience the scenery of the northern country covered with ice and snow for thousands of miles. In the future, the lines operated by Urumqi Railway Bureau and Hohhot Railway Bureau are also expected to see the high-cold version of Fuxing EMU.

Jinan Yellow River Tunnel Project

On January 23, next to the Ferry Ferry at Luokou Floating Bridge in Tianqiao District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, the huge cutterhead of the "Yellow River" shield machine broke out of the ground, and the "Ten Thousand Mile Yellow River First Tunnel" Jinan Yellow River Tunnel project was completed.

The move marked the opening of China's largest-diameter public rail joint construction of a shield tunnel, and it was also the first time in history that a "hanging river" was tunneled across the ground.

The Wanli Yellow River rushed all the way, but when it reached the Luokou section of Jinan, the river bed was 5 meters above the ground in the southern city area, and the maximum flood level was 11.62 meters above the river bed, forming a huge “hanging river” above the ground. This section of the Jinan Yellow River Tunnel project is located on the central axis of Jinan City, with Jiluo Road in the main urban area in the south and the new and old kinetic energy conversion pilot area in the north. After completion, it will be possible to drive across the Yellow River in the fastest 4 minutes, saving nearly an hour’s drive than the Jinan Yellow River Bridge.

Beginning in September 2019, the "Yellow River" and "Taishan" two super large-diameter mud-water balance shield machines jointly built by Jinan Urban Construction Group and China Railway 14th Bureau Group began to excavate, and for the first time opened the "hanging river" on the ground. "The crossing.

"This tunnel excavation has opened up a new understanding of the geology of the Yellow River." Du Changyan, chief engineer of the Yellow River Tunnel Project of the China Railway 14th Bureau, said that there are tunnels in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, but the geology of the lower reaches is unclear. The complex and changeable geology is also the biggest difficulty in subsequent construction.

"Candied sweet potatoes", "Nougat" and "Deep Water Bombs" are the image metaphors of the tunnel formation during the construction. The water of the Yellow River washes out a large amount of clay, and the viscosity doubles under the action of high pressure. When tunneling encounters hard rocks, the strength is more than twice that of the reinforced concrete of high-speed rail piers. The most difficult one is only 26 hours. Digging 2 meters and taking out 58 hard rocks; the lowest point of the tunnel is 54 meters below the river bed, and the maximum water and soil pressure is equivalent to 6.5 atmospheres...

With many challenges and difficult construction, engineers directly started to modify equipment. In addition to the most intelligent and advanced shield machines, big data, Internet of Things, and information technology have come in handy.

China's first intelligent automated production line for segments over 15 meters was used for the first time in tunnel engineering. All segments and box culverts have realized the monitoring of the whole process of prefabrication, the verification of the "identity" information of the two-dimensional code, and the quality can be traced for life. "The introduction of these information technologies has greatly reduced the influence of human factors, the quality control has been tightened, and the construction progress has been smoother." Du Changyan said that behind this is the improvement of technical equipment and scientific research strength, which is the whole industry. Valuable experience accumulated little by little.

After the tunnel was run through, the project has now entered the stage of installation and decoration of mechanical and electrical equipment inside the tunnel. According to the plan, the tunnel will be completed and opened to traffic in October 2021. "The construction period is still relatively tight, but we try to rush forward, continuously optimize the process, and increase the staff reasonably to ensure the smooth completion in October." Du Changyan said.

"Deep Ocean One" Energy Station

The total weight is more than 50,000 tons, and the maximum projection area is equivalent to the size of two standard football fields; the total height is 120 meters, which is equivalent to a 40-story building; the maximum displacement is 110,000 tons, which is equivalent to three medium-sized aircraft carriers...

On January 14, China National Offshore Oil Corporation announced that the world’s first 100,000-ton deep-water semi-submersible production and storage platform independently developed and built by China, the "Deep Sea One" energy station, was delivered and set sail. This marks a major breakthrough in China's deepwater oil and gas field development capabilities and deepwater offshore engineering equipment construction level.

The deep sea is an important replacement area for global oil and gas resources in the future. According to statistics, more than 70% of the world's oil and gas resources are stored in the ocean, of which 44% come from the deep sea. For deep-sea oil and gas development, equipment manufacturing is the key bottleneck.

As China’s largest offshore oil and gas producer, as early as the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, CNOOC built a "five-type and six-vessel" deep-water fleet, achieving a huge leap in deep-sea drilling capabilities from 300 meters to 3000 meters. The construction of production equipment for deep-water oil and gas field development still stays within 300 meters of water depth.

Go deeper! The “Deep Sea No. 1” energy station will be driven by three high-horsepower tugboats from the Yellow Sea all the way south, and arrive in the Nanlingshui area of Hainan Island in February to implement on-site installation of oil and gas production facilities for the development of China’s first 1500 meters deep water self-operated large gas field-Lingshui 17-2 gas field.

Speaking of the "Deep Sea No. 1" energy station, several figures given by You Xuegang, general manager of the Lingshui 17-2 gas field development project of CNOOC, are impressive: the total length of welds of its hull engineering is as high as 600,000 meters, which can be It loops around Beijing Sixth Ring Road 3 times; the cable length exceeds 800 kilometers, and it can circle Hainan Island for a week.

Not only that, but You Xuegang introduced that the project achieved 3 world-class innovations during the construction phase, used 13 domestic first-in-class technologies, and solved more than 10 industry problems. It is a masterpiece in the field of China's offshore engineering construction.

It adopts the world’s first established column oil storage, with a maximum oil storage capacity of nearly 20,000 cubic meters, which realizes the integrated functions of condensate oil production, storage and export; it has the world’s largest span semi-submersible platform truss type module... The successful application of the world's first and world's first technology is due to years of concentrated research and technological innovation.

"With the delivery of deepwater oil and gas equipment represented by the'Deep Sea No. 1'energy station,

"The official delivery of the Deepwater One Energy Station, a giant in the field of deepwater oil and gas equipment, marks that the fast loading and precision control technology of the hull assembly of China's semi-submersible platform has reached the world's advanced level, and many deepwater construction technology breakthroughs such as submarine pipeline laying The 1500-meter difficulty has markedly improved the general contracting capacity of super-large deepwater equipment projects." said Zhong Wenjun, deputy chief engineer of Offshore Oil Engineering Co., Ltd. Editor/Xu Shengpeng